Constipation in Older People: Causes, Warning Signs and Ways to Help
Why constipation is more common in older age
According to the NHS, constipation is “more common if you are over 65 years old.” This is because older adults may experience dietary and lifestyle changes, as well as increased dependence on medications that mean constipation becomes more likely. Older people may be reluctant to drink the volume of fluids that they used to, due to concerns over increased urination, or may become more sedentary, which can slow the body’s natural functions.
What causes constipation in older people?
There are many causes for constipation in older people, although everyone’s situation and experiences will be different. Often it can be caused by straightforward reasons but should always be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Diet and not enough fibre
Changes in diet as we age can affect our body’s systems. Some older people’s appetites diminish and if they’re not eating enough fibre this can affect how often they are able to go to the toilet. Eating a fibre rich diet can increase regularity.
Not drinking enough fluids
Lack of hydration can affect the body in many ways. The NHS recommends older people “drink plenty of water and other fluids and avoid alcohol”. Some older people are reluctant to drink fluids as they worry about urinary incontinence.
Less movement and activity
Older people often become more sedentary, especially if they are living with age-related frailties or other conditions. Medical News Today highlight “not getting enough physical activity” as one of the leading lifestyle changes that increase risk.
Medication side effects
Older people often have an increased reliance on medication, which leaves them at risk of side-effects. Some medications that can cause constipation include pain relievers, antacids, diuretics, and blood pressure medications.
Warning signs to look out for
If someone you are caring for has difficulty passing stools or increased straining it shouldn’t be ignored. While everyone occasionally has changes in their bowel movements, if it comes on suddenly or lasts for some time it should be investigated. If stools suddenly become looser or turn into diarrhoea, or there is severe pain or an inability to pass gas it also should be raised to a healthcare professional. Fever or vomiting could also point to complications, so any obvious changes should be investigated thoroughly to rule out any more serious problems.
Simple ways to help at home
Simple changes may be all that are needed to regulate bowel habits. Altering diet, asking the GP to adjust medication, and keeping active may just help things to get back into a routine and reduce discomfort.
Food and drink that can help
The NHS suggests a healthy balanced diet which includes fruit containing sorbitol “such as apples, apricots, grapes (and raisins), raspberries and strawberries.” Gradually increasing fibre in the diet, as well as adding wheat bran, oats and linseed may help. Drinking plenty of water and other fluids, and avoiding alcohol, is also important.
Staying active
Staying active as we get older is important for everyone, and everyone can undertake some sort of activity, regardless of their condition. For people who struggle with their mobility there are chair exercises that may help, such as chair yoga or Pilates. Any element of movement can be beneficial, even if it’s just moving around your home.
A regular toilet routine
Sometimes a break in routine is enough to upset someone’s toilet habits. If they’re away from home – perhaps on holiday – they may find that they don’t go to the toilet as regularly as they do at home. Eating and drinking more, plus an unfamiliar diet can all affect things. Going into hospital may also affect routine and regularity.
When to see a GP
Knowing when to see a GP about changes in bowel health is important. If you or someone you care for notices any differences that come on quickly it’s a good idea to talk to a healthcare professional, especially if they’ve recently started taking different medication or suddenly stopped eating and drinking. This could indicate a more serious underlying condition. Because someone being cared for may try to hide problems with continence or constipation, perhaps due to embarrassment or fear of losing their independence, caregivers should be especially vigilant if their habits seem to change. Loved ones should also look out for a decline in hygiene or someone becoming more secretive about their routines.
How Helping Hands carers support good bowel health
Our carers are dedicated to ensuring that our customers live as well as possible in the home they love. We promote independence so that our customers continue to follow the routine that’s important to them. Whether you’re struggling with continence or constipation, our carers will support you to find solutions and accompany you to healthcare appointments if necessary. They’ll also encourage you to eat a balanced diet and receive adequate hydration, while ensuring you remain active and enjoy the activities you always have. Our carers will be with you on either a visiting or live-in care basis, to suit your preferences, and will be able to help you with every aspect of your housework, personal care, and daily needs. They’ll support your toileting routine, making sure your wellbeing is supported in every way. And because our home care is fully regulated by the Care Quality Commission and the Care Inspectorate Wales, you’ll always be in the very best hands.
